Business & Economics Dictionary

Complete collection of terms across all regions and categories

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Non-Banking Financial Company

(NBFC)

A company registered under the Companies Act that provides banking services without holding a banking license.

Intermediate
India Banking & Finance

Outer Ring Road

(ORR)

A major road in Bengaluru that has become a prime IT and commercial corridor.

Beginner
Bengaluru Real Estate

Permanent Account Number

(PAN)

A unique 10-character alphanumeric identifier issued by the Income Tax Department to taxpayers.

Beginner
India Taxation

Pivot

A significant change in a startup's business model, product, or target market while staying true to its core vision.

Intermediate
Bengaluru Entrepreneurship

Product-Market Fit

(PMF)

The degree to which a product satisfies strong market demand, essential for startup success.

Intermediate
Bengaluru Entrepreneurship

Production Linked Incentive

(PLI)

A scheme offering financial incentives to manufacturers for increasing production in India.

Intermediate
India Regulatory & Compliance

Profit and Loss Statement

(P&L)

A financial statement summarizing revenues, costs, and expenses over a period to show net profit or loss.

Beginner
Global Accounting

Real Estate Regulation Act

(RERA)

A landmark law regulating real estate sector to protect homebuyers and promote transparency.

Intermediate
India Real Estate

Recession

A significant decline in economic activity spread across the economy, lasting more than a few months, typically visible in GDP, income, employment, and production.

Beginner
Global Macroeconomics

Reserve Bank of India

(RBI)

India's central banking institution that controls monetary policy, regulates banks, and manages currency.

Beginner
India Banking & Finance

Return on Investment

(ROI)

A performance measure used to evaluate the efficiency of an investment, calculated as (Gain - Cost) / Cost × 100.

Beginner
Global Corporate Finance

Runway

The amount of time a startup can operate before running out of money, typically measured in months.

Intermediate
Bengaluru Entrepreneurship

Securities and Exchange Board of India

(SEBI)

The regulatory body for securities and commodity markets in India, protecting investor interests.

Beginner
India Regulatory & Compliance

Silicon Valley of India

Nickname for Bengaluru, referring to its status as India's premier technology and startup hub.

Beginner
Bengaluru Technology & IT

Software as a Service

(SaaS)

A software distribution model where applications are hosted in the cloud and accessed via subscription.

Intermediate
Bengaluru Technology & IT

Startup Ecosystem

The interconnected network of entrepreneurs, investors, mentors, and support organizations that foster startup growth.

Beginner
Bengaluru Entrepreneurship

Supply and Demand

The fundamental economic model describing the relationship between the availability of a product and the desire for it.

Beginner
Global Microeconomics

Systematic Investment Plan

(SIP)

An investment method where a fixed amount is invested regularly in mutual funds.

Beginner
India Financial Markets

Tariff

A tax imposed on imported goods and services, designed to protect domestic industries or generate revenue.

Intermediate
Global International Trade

Tax Deducted at Source

(TDS)

A system where tax is deducted at the point of income generation, ensuring regular tax collection.

Beginner
India Taxation